Review Articles
Vol. 15 No. 1 (2023): Review Articles, Original Article, Scientific Letter, Case Reports Letter to the Editor
BONE MARROW MICROENVIRONMENT INVOLVEMENT IN T-MN: FOCUS ON MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS
MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL IN T-MN
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All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Published: August 29, 2023
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Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) are a late complication of cytotoxic therapy (CT) used in the treatment of both malignant and non-malignant diseases. Historically, t-MN has been considered to be a direct consequence of DNA damage induced in normal hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells (HSPC) by CT. However, we now know that treatment-induced mutations in HSC are not the only players involved in t-MN development but additional factors may contribute to the onset of t-MN.
One of the known drivers involved in this field is the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) and in particular bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) whose role in t-MN pathogenesis is the topic of this mini-review.
BM-MSC, physiologically, support HSC maintenance, self-renewal, and differentiation, through hematopoietic–stromal interactions and production of cytokines. In addition, BM-MSC maintain the stability of the BM immune microenvironment and reduce the damage caused to HSC by stress stimuli.
In t-MN context, chemo/radio-therapy may induce damage to the BM-MSC and likewise alter BM-MSC functions by promoting pro-inflammatory response, clonal selection and/or the production of factors that may favor malignant hematopoiesis.
Over the last decade, it has been shown that BM-MSC isolated from patients with de novo and therapy-related MN exhibit decreased proliferative and clonogenic capacity, altered morphology, increased senescence, defective osteogenic differentiation potential, impaired immune-regulatory properties, and reduced ability to support HSC growth and differentiation, as compared to normal BM-MSC.
Although the understanding of the genetic and gene expression profile associated with ex vivo-expanded t-MN-MSCs remains limited and debatable, its potential role in prognostic and therapeutic terms is acting as a flywheel of attraction of many researchers.
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How to Cite
“BONE MARROW MICROENVIRONMENT INVOLVEMENT IN T-MN: FOCUS ON MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS: MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL IN T-MN” (2023) Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, 15(1), p. e2023055. doi:10.4084/MJHID.2023.055.
Copyright (c) 2023 Maria Teresa Voso, Giulia Falconi, Dr. Fabiani
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
