MJHID Educational Clinical Cases
Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases
https://doi.org/10.4084/MJHID.2026.054

Systemic lupus erythematosus, complicated by nephritis and macrophage activation syndrome, not responsive to high-dose immunosuppression

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Published: June 30, 2026
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systemic lupus erythematosus; macrophage activation syndrome; visceral leishmaniasis;

Authors

Ioanna Saougou
Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Ioannina, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Greece.
Alexandros Makis
amakis@uoi.gr

A previously healthy 15-year-old girl from a VL-endemic rural area of north-western Greece presented with 15 days of high-grade fever, a two-month history of morning arthralgias, and recurrent macroscopic hematuria. Examination revealed malar rash, livedo reticularis, frontotemporal alopecia, hepatosplenomegaly, bilateral pleural and pericardial effusions, Coombs-positive anemia, leukopenia, nephrotic-range proteinuria, and hypocomplementemia.  discontinued.

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Ethics Approval

systemic lupus erythematosus; lupus nephritis; macrophage activation syndrome; visceral leishmaniasis; Leishmania infantum; liposomal amphotericin B; pediatric

Supporting Agencies

The authors received no financial support for the research
Alexandros Makis

Professor of Pediatrics/ Pediatric Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Ioannina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Greece

How to Cite



“Systemic lupus erythematosus, complicated by nephritis and macrophage activation syndrome, not responsive to high-dose immunosuppression” (2026) Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, 18(1), p. e2026054. doi:10.4084/MJHID.2026.054.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ioanna Saougou, Alexandros Makis Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.