Letters to the Editor
Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases
Incident Hepatitis B Virus Infection after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Initially HBV-Seronegative Recipients: Four Cases
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Published: September 1, 2026
0
Views
0
Downloads
Authors
HBV-related complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are generally monitored in recipients with chronic or resolved HBV infection. We describe four HSCT recipients who were HBsAg-negative, anti-HBc-negative, and HBV DNA-negative at transplantation but subsequently developed HBsAg-positive conversion with detectable HBV DNA.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
Citations
References
1. Gentile G, Antonelli G. HBV reactivation in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a narrative review. Viruses. 2019;11(11):1049. doi:10.3390/v11111049.
2. Wu Y, Huang H, Luo Y. Management of hepatitis B virus in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Front Immunol. 2021;11:610500. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.610500.
3. Liu YC, Hsu CM, Hsiao SY, Hsiao HH. Hepatitis B virus infection in patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. J Pers Med. 2021;11(11):1108. doi:10.3390/jpm11111108.
4. Sarmati L, Andreoni M, Antonelli G, et al. Recommendations for screening, monitoring, prevention, prophylaxis and therapy of hepatitis B virus reactivation in patients with haematologic malignancies and patients who underwent haematologic stem cell transplantation-a position paper. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2017;23(12):935-940. doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2017.06.023.
5. Onozawa M, Kusumoto S, Najima Y, et al. Outcomes of cessation of nucleos(t)ide analog administration on hepatitis B virus reactivation after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a nationwide retrospective study. Transplant Cell Ther. 2024;30(3):330.e1-330.e8. doi:10.1016/j.jtct.2024.01.059.
6. Nishikawa K, Kimura K, Kanda Y, et al. A prospective trial of vaccine to prevent hepatitis B virus reactivation after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2020;55(7):1388-1398. doi:10.1038/s41409-020-0833-5.
7. Ren J, Lin Q, Chen Q, et al. Adoptive immune transfer from donors offers anti-HBV protection to HBsAb-negative patients after allo-HSCT. iScience. 2023;26(3):106290. doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.106290.
8. Zhang MY, Zhu GQ, Zheng JN, et al. Nucleos(t)ide analogues for preventing HBV reactivation in immunosuppressed patients with hematological malignancies: a network meta-analysis. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2017;15(5):503-513. doi:10.1080/14787210.2017.1309291.
9. Shang J, Wang H, Sun J, et al. A comparison of lamivudine vs entecavir for prophylaxis of hepatitis B virus reactivation in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients: a single-institutional experience. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2016;51(4):581-586. doi:10.1038/bmt.2015.328.
Ethics Approval
hepatitis B virus; HBsAg-positive conversion; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; anti-HBc; HBV DNA monitoringSupporting Agencies
N/AHow to Cite
“Incident Hepatitis B Virus Infection after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Initially HBV-Seronegative Recipients: Four Cases” (2026) Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, 18(1), p. e2026065. doi:10.4084/MJHID.2026.065.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dangui Chen
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
