Letters to the Editor
Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024): Review Articles, Original Article, Scientific Letter, Case Reports Letter to the Editor
https://doi.org/10.4084/MJHID.2024.011

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis secondary to refractory acute myeloid leukemia resolved after second line treatment with azacitidine plus venetoclax

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Received: November 21, 2023
Accepted: November 30, 2023
Published: January 1, 2024
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acute myeloid leukemia, Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

Authors

Claudio Fozza
cfozza@uniss.it
University of Sassari, Italy.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), also defined as hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS), represents a potentially life-threatening hyperinflammatory syndrome, characterized by impaired function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, natural killer cells and macrophages. The main clinical features of HLH are prolonged fever, hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperferritinemia and hemophagocytosis in bone marrow, liver, spleen or lymph nodes. Secondary HLH typically occurs in conjunction with severe infections, malignancies or autoimmune disorders and intensive chemotherapy, potentially complicating treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in around 10% of cases. Herein we report for the first time a case of HLH secondary to refractory/relapsed AML resolved after a second line treatment with azacitidine plus venetoclax, thus offering a new potential therapeutic perspective in the context of a life-threatening clinical scenario.

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Ethics Approval

acute myeloid leukemia, Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

How to Cite



“Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis secondary to refractory acute myeloid leukemia resolved after second line treatment with azacitidine plus venetoclax” (2024) Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, 16(1), p. e2024011. doi:10.4084/MJHID.2024.011.
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